Liao，Song，Western Xia，Jin and Yuan

In 960，the Song Dynasty（960-1279）gained power over most of China and established its capital in Kaifeng，starting a period of economic prosperity，while the Liao Dynasty（辽，907-1125）ruled over Manchuria and eastern Mongolia.In 1115 the Jin Dynasty（1115-1234）emerged to prominence，annihilating the Liao Dynasty in 10 years.It also took power over northern China and Kaifeng from the Song Dynasty，which moved its capital to Hangzhou.The Southern Song Dynasty（1127-1279）also suffered the humiliation of having to acknowledge the Jin as formal overlords.In the ensuing years China was divided between the Song Dynasty，the Jin and the Western Xia（1038-1227）.The Southern Song experienced a period of great technological development.

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