Preschool and Secondary and Vocational Education in China
2 min readPreschool and Secondary Education
China develops its preschool education in various ways，by mobilizing the resources of the whole society.While local governments run kindergartens，work
units，social organizations and individuals are also encouraged to open kindergartens.Kindergartens apply the principle of combining child care with education，and ensure that the infants achieve all-round physical，intellectual moral and aesthetic development，providing them with a harmonious coordination of body and mind.With play as the basic form of activity，kindergartens create a good environment for learning and provide the infants with opportunities and conditions to exercise and display their abilities.
The state has worked out a qualification and examination system for kindergarten teachers.At present，there are 67 kindergarten teachers’schools in China，and the infant education as an area of study in vocational high schools is considerably well developed.The Regulations on the Administration of Kindergartens，the Regulation on the Kindergarten Work，and other laws and regulations issued by the state have put kindergartens on the road to systematized scientific development.
Vocational Education
The Chinese government issued the Vocational Education Law of the PRC in 1996，making explicit stipulations regarding the status，role，structure，functions and duties，management system and fund channels for vocational education China’s vocational education is mainly composed of advanced vocational schools，technical secondary schools，skilled workers’schools，vocational middle schools，vocational training centers and other technical training schools for adults and training institutions run by social organizations or individuals.Vocational education is divided into three levels:advanced，secondary and primary levels，which coordinate closely with each other.
Advanced vocational education，the highest level of vocational education in China，is still in the initial stage.Conducted on the basis of the students having high-school education，it is an important part of higher education.At present，schools offering advanced vocational education are：87 professional and technical colleges，short-term vocational universities and technical junior colleges；several dozen professional junior colleges，now undergoing reforms；133 higher learning schools for adults（with 188 areas of study offered），where experiments in advanced vocational education are conducted；and 18 technical secondary schools which offer advanced vocational education classes.
Their major task is to cultivate practical and technological specialists for the front line of the nation’s economic construction.In accordance with the development program for vocational education，the existing system of advanced vocational education is to be reformed and restructured，and supplemented with a small number of leading vocational secondary schools to promote advanced vocational education and gradually develop into colleges of vocational technology.
Vocational secondary education is the principal part of China’s vocational education.It has three forms:technical secondary schools，vocational high schools and skilled workers’schools.
