Science and Technology in china
2 min readThe ancient Chinese were highly accomplished in science and technology. Their achievements in numerous areas, including astronomy, mathematics, and medicine, were among the most advanced in the world. In particular, the “Four Great Inventions”of ancient China-gunpowder, paper, the compass, and moveable type-made an immense contribution to the development of human civilization.
The Chinese Academy of Sciences was established in 1949. The Academy is composed of the Bureau of Basic Science, the Bureau of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, the Bureau of Science and Technology for Resources and the Environment, the Bureau of High-Technology Research and Development, and the Bureau of High-Technology Industry Development; the Division of Mathematics and Physics, the Division of Chemistry, the Division of Biology, the Divisionof Earth Sciences, and the Division of Technological Sciences; as well as numerous research institutes, educational institutes, and high technology enterprises.
With a history of over fifty years of rigorous development, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has become China’s tor academic institution of science and technology, and the national center for comprehensive research and development in the natural sciences and advanced technology. In 1994, the Chinese government established the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), China’s foremost academic and advisory institution of engineering science and technology.
CAE’s primary missions are to undertake strategic research on major national engineering projects, provide advisory services on policy issues, and promote the development of China’s engineering science and technology. By the end of 2010, the Chinese Academy of Science has 688 members, known as”academicians,”and the Chinese Academy of Engineering has 742 members.
October 15,2003 saw the historic launch of China’s first crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 5. OnOctober 16,”taikonaut”(taikongyuan, astronaut) Yang Liwei’s reentry module achieved a safelanding back on Earth, marking the complete success of the mission. China thus follows the former Soviet Union and the United States as the third country in the world to successfully send a human being into space. Raphael’s paintings of the Sistine Madonna.
The concepts and techniques of Chinese sculpture continued to develop during the 20th century. The Monument to the People’s Heroes in Beijing’s Tian’ anmen Square is one of the representative works of modern Chinese sculpture. The monument consists of ten engraved panels, each of which represents a certain historical event. Each engraving can stand on its own, while taken as a whole, they offer a comprehensive depiction of China’s revolutionary history.
