Yuyuan Garden

Yu Garden or Yuyuan Garden is located beside the City God Temple in the northeast of the Old City of Shanghai.It abuts the Yuyuan Tourist Mart and is accessible from the Shanghai Metro’Line 10.

The centerpiece of Yuyuan is the exquisite Jade Rock（yu  ling long），a porous boulder，3.3m high and 5 ton heavy.Rumours about its origin include the story that it was meant for the imperial palace in Beijing，but was salvaged after the boat sank off Shanghai.

Yu Garden was first conceived in 1559，Ming Dynasty，by Pan Yunduan as a comfort for his father，the minister Pan En.Pan Yunduan began the project after failing one of the imperial exams，but his appointment as governor of Sichuan postponed construction for nearly twenty years until 1577.The garden was the largest and the most prestigious of its era in Shanghai，but eventually its expense ruined the Pans.

The garden was inherited by Zhang Zhaolin，Pan Yunduan’s granddaughter’s husband，and then passed to different owners.A section was briefly used by Zhang Shengqu as the“Academy of Purity and Harmony”（Qing-He Shuyuan）.The Ling Yuan（Ling Yuan，lit.”Spirit Park”），today’s East Garden，was purchased by a group of local leaders in 1709.A group of merchants renovated the increasingly decrepit grounds in 1760 and in 1780 the West Garden was opened to the general public.

The gardens suffered damages numerous times during the 19th century.During the First Opium War in 1842.，the British army used the Huxinting Teahouse as a base of operations for several days During the Taiping Rebellion，the Small Swords Society ran its headquarters in the DianchunHall；by the time Qing troops were stationed at the garden，the original structures had nearly all been destroyed.

They were damaged again by the Japanese in 1942.

The Shanghai government repaired them from 1956 to 1961.They were opened to he public in 1961 and declared a national monument in 1982.

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